Protect your Raspberry PI SD card, use Read-Only filesystem
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Hi I successfully made my Pi Zero v 1.3 Read Mode, but a problem came up when I was trying to connect to internet with a 3g usb dongle.
First, the modem get connected to internet, but after a minute or less, it losed the connection, and then it reconnects, and the same story was looping forever.
After thinking, the problem was the DNS, because when the modem connects to internet, it changes the default DNS and tried to write the new DNS to the default file, here is the problem, the modem didn't notice that he cant write to the SD!
I took the solution from here: https://github.com/emoncms/emoncms/blob/master/docs/RaspberryPi/read-only.md
touch /tmp/resolv.conf
sudo rm /etc/resolv.conf
sudo ln -s /tmp/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conftouch /tmp/resolv.conf.dhclient-new
sudo chmod 777 /tmp/resolv.conf.dhclient-new
sudo rm /etc/resolv.conf.dhclient-new
sudo ln -s /tmp/resolv.conf.dhclient-new /etc/resolv.conf.dhclient-newsudo mv /sbin/dhclient-script /sbin/dhclient-script_original
sudo ln -s /home/pi/emonpi/dhclient-script_raspbian_jessielite /sbin/dhclient-scriptThen rebooted and all worked fine, the 3g modem connected to the internet and never disconnected, then I successfully SSH with weaved.com service.
After that another problem came up, my system is a GPS tracker for public transport, so there is a GPS module in my system, and the GPS was not working for the same reason as the 3g modem.
I'm using a "Ublox Neo 6m GPS" and GPSD to get the required information.
When GPSD run at boot it tryes to write a configuration file to open the stream, but it cant because the Pi is in read mode, so we need to put in that file what GPSD write at boot.
To solve this, just edit this file: /etc/default/gpsd
Then edit as this:
START_DAEMON="true"
GPSD_OPTIONS="-n"
DEVICES="/dev/ttyAMA0" #My GPS is connected via UART, change if yours is via USB or whatelse
USBAUTO="true"
GPSD_SOCKET="/var/run/gpsd.sock"Finally reboot and all will work fine.
So, if you are having a problem with a sensor or what else, first verify if the program who communicates with it needs to write sometime to the SD.
Thank you and greetings from Mexico!!!
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Hi !
I've tried to complete tour tutorial but when I do the step "Move some system files to temp filesystem", I've detected that it result on a dbus problem that when the Raspberry is rebooted It can resolve the dhcp and hostname service.
Can anyone help me please?
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need to change UPEX4C_autoconfigfil in /usr/sbin/update-exim4.conf
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Will brick your Pi if you're running the new PIXEL distro. Any idea what's causing this?
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You should really add some commentary about the tmpfs lines in /etc/fstab before the code listing. When I got to that step, I read that we were ready to set the volume to read-only, and thought, "I know how to do that," and stopped reading at that point, resulting in an unbootable system. I'd imagine many other folks with sysadmin experience will do the same. Actually, you should probably add the tmpfs lines first before you start making changes that depend on them, then make the changes, then change fstab a second time to make it read-only. Also, for Jessie, the systemd changes are unnecessary, because /run is already a tmpfs volume. And it might be worth redirecting things from /var/run to /run just for simplicity (on Jessie).
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How to fix this ?
pi@raspberrypi(ro):~$ reboot
Failed to execute operation: The name org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1 was not provided by any .service files
Must be root. -
you need to be root..
use 'sudo' -
Hello! Can anybody help me with user crontab file? I have problem: i installed raspbian in Read-only mode, i have some scripts, (cron jobs) that works every 5 minutes, 10 etc. I set it by crontab -e command, but after reboot, system is clean it, i think, because i moved /var/spool dir to tmpfs (like howto), and user cronjob file stored at /var/spool/cron/crontabs dir. How i can fix it for not clearing after system reboot? Thanks!
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Did anyone figured out how to use crontab? it is wiped after reboot and i really need it
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We need to put the system into Read Write Mode before changing the crontab
If you followed this tuto should be something like thatsudo mount -o remount,rw /Then edit your crontab
sudo crontab -eput pack in Read Only or reboot
sudo mount -o remount,ro / -
Charles you are going wrong. crontab -e give us file on /tmp which has been deleted on boot. We need to go this way:
rw
sudo su
nano /etc/crontab (dont forget to add user) example below:-
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- root /usr/bin/vpncheck.sh > /dev/null 2>&1
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Hello Charles,
I was wondering if I don't have entry about /tmp being a mount entry point for tmpfs neither in fstab nor mtab, what would be the point in moving things there? Am I missing something or?
I am playing with Raspberry PI-2 and Raspbian Jessie. -
This post is deleted! -
Great article, thanx! To be able to use sudo i did have to add this line to /etc/fstab as well:
tmpfs /var/lib/sudo/ts tmpfs nosuid,nodev 0 0
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Has this tutorial worked for anyone? The 1st error is saw was under Move files to temp filesystem after running:
touch /tmp/dhcpcd.resolv.conf; ln -s /tmp/dhcpcd.resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
Failed to create symbolic link ‘etc/resolv.conf’ file exists. Next after reboot see errors regarding “a start job is running for dhcpd on all interfaces..." The raspi fails to boot and see pi@raspberrypi: prompt. Thanks in advance for any insights!
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I don't seem to be able to copy/paste from your crayon syntax highlighter widgets? The copy button doesn't work, nor does the button to expand the code.
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OK, nice tutorial. But where (I mean about file) I have to place:
rm -rf /var/lib/dhcp/ /var/lib/dhcpcd5 /var/run /var/spool /var/lock /etc/resolv.conf
ln -s /tmp /var/lib/dhcp
ln -s /tmp /var/lib/dhcpcd5
ln -s /tmp /var/run
ln -s /tmp /var/spool
ln -s /tmp /var/lock
touch /tmp/dhcpcd.resolv.conf; ln -s /tmp/dhcpcd.resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf -
Nice guide. I used it on Stretch.
- I had to symlink /var/lib/sudo/ts to /tmp because it gives an error every time running sudo, then I made a systemd service to make that folder
- The /tmp/random-seed file does not get created at startup, even though I added the ExecStartPre line. It says success, but I can't figure out why that file isn't being created:
Process: 97 ExecStartPre=/bin/echo a > /tmp/random-seed (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) - Stretch uses systemd-timesyncd, so there's no need for ntp and it would conflict.
- I like the bash_logout idea to mount ro, but it fails because
mount: only root can use "--options" option - Fail2ban isn't working. Anybody know if it's possible to configure that to monitor the busybox ring buffer?
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I am following this article in order avoid any/every write to /var/log/ (for example /var/log/wtmp, /var/log/last.log etc.
Is it possible?Note that by disabling rsyslog.service, I could suppress write to messages and syslog files.
Using systemd mask operation I could mask systemd-update-utmp.service and systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service. However the wtmp and lastlog files are still updated.
Please advise.
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Great article, thanks! Can I use this tip to make a Pi print server for some voucher printers and it stay well when it be turned off? Do you suggest some type of memory to be installed on Pi in order to run this way?
